中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 Institute of Plasma Physics ,CAS www.ipp.ac.cn
中国科学院等离子体物理研究所成立于1978年9月,主要从事高温等离子体物理、磁约束核聚变工程技术及相关高技术研究和开发,以解决人类未来战略新能源——受控热核聚变能为目标,是我国热核聚变研究的重要基地。
经过30年的发展,等离子体所在高温等离子体物理实验及核聚变工程技术研究方面处于国际先进水平,形成了广泛的国际交流与合作,与欧、美、日、俄、澳等近三十个国家和地区建立了稳定合作交流关系,开展多个国际合作项目,成为“第三世界科学院开放实验室”和“世界实验室聚变研究中心”,是国际受控热核聚变计划ITER中国工作组的重要单位之一。
等离子体所设有13个研究室、2个中心、2个职能管理部门和4个高科技公司。现有职工400多人,其中研究员54人,副研究员及高工88人,中级技术职务人员123人。拥有3个博士点、7个硕士点和1个博士后流动站,已为国家培养研究生900多人,目前在读研究生300多人。
建所以来,等离子体所承担着国家发改委、科技部、国家基金委和中国科学院等多项重大科研项目,获得科研成果200多项,其中重要成果105项。等离子体所依靠自己的力量先后建设了常规磁体托卡马克装置HT-6B和HT-6M及我国第一个圆截面超导托卡马克装置HT-7;2006年,世界上第一个非圆截面全超导托卡马克EAST装置又在等离子体所自主建成,EAST成功建设被国际聚变界评价为:“是全世界聚变工程的非凡业绩,是全世界聚变能开发的杰出成就和重要里程碑”,该重大成果荣获2008年度国家科学技术进步奖一等奖,入选为2006“中国十大科技进展”和“中国基础研究十大新闻”。
等离子体所在与高温热核聚变等离子体物理及工程研究密切相关的等离子体理论与实验、反应堆技术、大功率电源技术、计算机自动控制与数据采集处理技术、高真空技术、低温制冷技术、低温超导和高温超导技术、特种材料技术、大型微波加热及电流驱动等学科的研究成绩斐然,积聚了学科不一的综合人才队伍。已建成的多套等离子体物理诊断系统、2兆瓦波加热系统、2兆瓦波驱动电流系统、总功率达20万千瓦的交直流脉冲电源系统、110千伏变电站、我国最大的2千瓦液氦制冷系统、超高真空系统、20万高斯稳态混合磁体、先进的计算机控制和数据采集及处理系统、大型超导磁体生产和测试系统等先进设施,构建成全面系统的从事等离子体物理和聚变工程及技术研发的先进平台。
等离子体所高度重视大科学工程项目派生出来的技术应用及其发展,积极开拓新的研究领域和交叉科学,形成新的生长点,在国民经济的发展中起到重要作用。
离子束生物学工程是等离子体所科研人员开创的物理学与生物学交叉的新的研究领域,现已形成一门新兴的交叉学科分支——离子束生物工程学。该学科主要研究自然界低能离子辐射对进化和健康的影响,基于离子束和单离子束细胞精确定位照射平台,研究离子束、射线束与生物体相互作用机理。目前,离子束生物工程技术己在工业生物技术、农业、环境健康等领域推广应用,获得了显著的社会效益和经济效益,多次获得国家级重要奖项,并成为这一领域的“leading team”。
太阳能材料与工程研究先后承担了国家重点基础研究973计划、中科院知识创新工程等多个项目,染料敏化太阳电池及光电功能材料和高分子结晶领域的研究,取得了多项具有国际先进的科研成果,为发展具有中国特色的太阳能事业做出积极的贡献。
结合建设创新型国家的发展纲要要求,等离子体所确立了低温等离子体技术在环境、新能源、化工、新材料等领域的应用研究,取得了一系列具有自主知识产权、可对国民经济产生重要作用的高新技术成果。
等离子体所编辑出版的《Plasma Science and Technology》是国内等离子体专业唯一的英文版学术期刊,已被SCI、SA等国际重要数据库收录。
等离子体所崇尚“甘于奉献、团结协作、锐意进取、争创一流”的大科学文化。以人为本,科学管理,形成了开放、公平、民主的科研氛围及宽松和谐的科研环境。培养和造就了一支优秀的工程技术、科研和管理队伍,为研究所的创新跨越、持续发展奠定了坚实的基础。等离子体所全体职工正以积极向上的精神风貌,为把等离子体所建成未来战略新能源及相关技术研发基地、建成全面开放国际磁约束聚变研究一流研究所而不懈奋斗。
Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences(abbreviated as ASIPP)was founded in September 1978 for the purpose of the peaceful utilization of the fusion energy primary based on the tokamak approach.
The main area of research covers high temperature plasma physics, magnetically various important research projects from National special plans, National Foundation of National Science and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. ASIPP is one of the most important laboratories on magnetically confined fusion in China, and the Nuclear Fusion Research Centre of the World Laboratory. Among more than 400 staff, 223 are scientists or engineers. They're distributed in the 12 divisions, 2 technical centers and 4 high-tech companies. Besides the physics studies on theoretical and experimental plasma physics, reactor research, in ASIPP there are also technical studies on high-power power supply, high field magnet, high power microwave, vacuum, cryogenics and data acquisition. In addition, the ion beam bio-engineering and the electrophysical apparatus designing are two important divisions in ASIPP. In the institute, there are two experimental devices for the controlled fusion research. HT-7, the first superconducting tokamak in China, and EAST, the world’s first non-circle cross-section full superconducting tokamak. The auxiliary systems include one 2 MW radio frequency (rf) wave heating system, one 2 MW Lower Hybrid Wave current drive system, one 200 MW AC/DC pulsed motor generator and one liquid helium cryogenic system ( the largest in China). Besides that, ASIPP possesses one 20-Telsa steady-state hybrid magnet, manufacturing and testing facilities for big superconducting magnets and the first single particle microbeam facility in China.
《Plasma Science and Technology》which is published by ASIPP is the only domestic professional academic journals in English, and has been embodied by SCI ,SA and such important international databases.
Among the many honors ASIPP has won, there are once special Progress prize of the national Science and Technology, 6 times 1st class progress prize of Science and Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), twice 2nd class prize of Natural Science of CAS and one 1st class Progress prize of Science and Technology of Anhui Province. ASIPP is also honored as "an Excellent Research Centre" by the 3rd world Academy of Science, "Institute of the Year " by CAS and "Excellent Workgroup" in Anhui Province. ASIPP has been promoting active international cooperation. Every year, there are steady personnel and equipment exchanges with the European Union, the USA, Japan, the Russian Federation, India and Australia under a variety of joint projects. ASIPP attracts many visitors, including a number of high-profile ones such as industrialists, eminent members of learned societies and politicians.
ASIPP offers doctoral degrees in 3 disciplines, master degrees in 7 disciplines and one postdoctoral working station. Most of the 797 graduates from ASIPP found their positions in the scientific institutes, universities of various hi-new tech. enterprises and companies at home or abroad. Presently there are more than 300 students in the institute. Since September 2002, ASIPP began to enroll foreign students.