| Beta-Amyloid (Aβ or Abeta) is a peptide of 36–43 amino acids that is processed from the Amyloid precursor protein. Beta-amyloid protein is a 39-43 amino acid peptide composed of a portion of the transmembrane domain and the extracellular domain of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). APP occurs as several A beta-containing isoforms of 695, 751, and 770 amino acids, with the latter two APP containing a domain that shares structural and functional homologies with Kunitz serine protease inhibitors. Beta-amyloid plays a central role in information processing in the brain. A certain quantity of the protein is necessary for the transmission of information to neurons. A major histopathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the presence of amyloid deposits in the parenchyma of the amygdala, hippocampus, and neocortex. Aβ40 and Aβ42 are considered neurotoxic , both as deposits in the brain and blood vessels of Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome to find patients. It is therefore assumed that the prevention of the senile plaques known deposits would improve the symptoms of these diseases. |
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