Background
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor Receptor (G-CSFR), also known as Cluster of Differentiation 114 (CD114), CSF3R and GCSF, is a cell-surface receptor for the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a cytokine that plays a critical role in the regulation of the activation, proliferation, differentiation, and survival of the neutrophilic granulocyte lineage. G-CSFR belongs to a family of cytokine receptors known as the hematopoietin receptor family. This type I? membrane protein has a composite structure consisting of an immunoglobulin(Ig)-like domain, a cytokine receptor-homologous (CRH) domain and three fibronectin type I?II (FNIII) domains in the extracellular region. G-CSFR is present mainly on precursor cells in the bone marrow, and, in response to stimulation by G-CSF, initiates cell proliferation and differentiation into mature neutrophilic granulocytes and macrophages. G-CSFR mediates the specific effect of GCSF through activating a variety of intracellular signaling cascades, including the Jak/Stat, PI3/Akt, Ras-Raf-MAP kinase, and Src family kinase pathways, and thus functions in defense against infection, inflammation and repair, and in the maintenance of steady state hematopoiesis.[1] Mutations in this gene are a cause of Kostmann syndrome, also known as severe congenital neutropenia.[2] Mutations in the intracellular part of this receptor are also associated with certain types of leukemia.[3]
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References
- (1) Fan Dong, Andrew C. Larner, 2000, BLOOD, VOLUME 95(5).
- (2) Zeidler C, Welte K, 2002, Semin. Hematol. 39 (2): 82–8.
- (3) Beekman R, Touw IP, 2010, Beekman R, Touw IP.